[Mcm2Ada] Pisau damaskus (32 photos)
Blade reliable without blemish;
Bulat keeps his temper mysterious,
The legacy of abusive east.
MY Lermontov, "The Poet"
Ilia Kulik - known in the circles of gunsmiths Yaroslavl blacksmith. In our time, a blacksmith surprise anyone hard, but that it may be interesting, I'd say it unusual blacksmith. This is not a craftsman, a true master, joking doing great things for the beauty of damask and damask.
And the damask, and damask are very close in spirit to the inhomogeneous beautiful steel. Damascus is obtained by gangs of several plates of different metals. Taken several thin plates and repeatedly prokovyvayutsya, metals are mixed and it turns Damascus. Damask steel cook. In the composition and proportions of the alloy and is one of the secrets of this metal. In the photo is just bullion Damascus steel, one can say only that from the crucible.
During cooking, every detail is important, an alloy must be boiled, but not be perederzhanym on fire, salt and pepper to taste. Now it depends on the preferences wizard. Someone prefers to unchain the entire bar, someone cut it lengthwise or crosswise, will depend on future design and durability of the blade. Ilya prefers to cut into four parts, like an orange.
In drawing an ingot of metal cut like wood, just circles. Such a figure very few people interested, so jumping on the correctness depends not only strength but also the future pattern of veins.
Do you think Ilya will show us some secrets? Of course not, we will train on the water pipes! This, of course, a joke. The pipe is welded at an early stage to ease the grip.
Damask steel came to us from India, where people can meditate for decades or years to make a sword. The old Hindu blacksmiths hammers and hammers on more like, and probably more time there.
Our extensive use of blacksmiths work journeymen. The Master knew where to hit, the student was able to hold the hammer. This antiquated method significantly reduces the time of manufacture, but it still was not very fast.
To help modern blacksmiths comes sledgehammer. At the time of Anosov, the godfather of Russian damask, it was a huge steam colossus. Almost as locomotives, only louder. Now the Smiths in favor remaining after the liquidation of Soviet factories pneumatic hammers. Not as fascinating as the steam, but not less productive.
Several heating, several approaches and diced into a damask rectangular plate-piece. Manually at this show will take half a day, a mechanized way ten or fifteen minutes. And the ancient Hindus than one day.
What I like Ilya, it's humor and work with the details. Many farriers say the trash, not the eye prokovyvaya inconspicuous location, if not "saving" the metal shank instead privarivaya bolts and nails. Why, he's still in the grip, no one will see.
It's all fair and square. Rest assured that the knife from Kulikova is on the conscience and hidden "stocks" in it. By the way, thanks to Ilya for the educational program when I was recently in the production of knives in Zlatoust, that some issues still put people into a dead end
About Zlatoust artisans I still tell it was there at the beginning of the XIX century, Pavel Petrovich Anosov launched industrial production of damask steel cast for the needs of the Russian army.
When jumping smith knows which side will be cutting and what will become the butt. Make the other side of the tip, which was outside in the ingot. Note: The blade comes along, how-to crack. In fact, this "shlopnuvshayasya" outer wall of the ingot.
One question that arises, why damask, which is still in the early twentieth century produced hundreds of tons, and about which are so many poems and stories, why he became such a rarity in today's world? The fact is that there is now a huge number of highly specialized alloys are more simple to manufacture, cheaper and less whimsical. But the combined properties of that value in the manufacture of knives, damask steel to this day remains one of the leaders.
In addition, the manufacture of the blade of a "samovar" became a blacksmith puts a product not only skill but also a bit of soul, and the blade, in turn, can surprise even its creator
Why is it that Damascus steel Damascus, and such unique properties? The whole point of the inhomogeneity of the alloy. Metal with low carbon softer, high-contrast, harder and better to sharpen. When jumping Damascus steel Damascus, and these types of metals are mixed and retain a beautiful pattern of lines. After hardening, the blade acquires strength and flexibility simultaneously. Besides this steel holds an edge very well - a soft metal worn down, and creates cutting edge High-carbon of the smaller, no discernible eye teeth.
Of course, the myths about the magic power of damask steel no more than myths. Damask sword was a sword-kladentsom, cutting armor like butter. Moreover, many historians doubt the correctness of the name Damascus steel.
Damascus has never been a blacksmith or iron and steel center. It was a huge market, where goods were carried from east to west for sale. Damask and damask was made in Syria, Persia and India, as in Damascus, just sold.
Besides, the quality of medieval items, according to Elias, is not very impressive. There are single copies, which are exhibited in museums and in the reserves are tons of damask consumer goods, which actually fought.
It is clear that such a laborious process using manual labor could not affect the quality. After all required huge amounts of relatively inexpensive and reliable weapons and small bugs his eyes closed.
Ilya knives does not hurry, as I said, with attention to detail and meticulous in an amicable way. Recently, very rarely taken as exclusive items most often makes the model is already proven.
This approach explains very simply. To make a reliable and exclusive damask knife meets the requirements of time and effort necessary to spend as much as in the manufacture of several models tested.
Of course this does not mean that Elijah does two or three knives and everything. He has always some ideas, some new types of blades in the work, some from friends to "test drive". With this approach, each blade about he could say that guarantees its quality.
While svezhevykovanny blade cools down and waits for further processing, see Damascus. And damask, damask and it's not the name of a specific alloy, but rather the name of the process by which this fusion was obtained. Bar on the left is the damask of the three soft metal that is used in the manufacture of handles. By the way, the handle also makes Ilya himself. Previously worked on this maker, but "if you want good - do it yourself".
A bar on the right of the meteoric metal. It really was once a meteorite, a rare and difficult to smelting and processing metals. 
The world's only meteorite knife. The inner layer of Damascus steel, and outer layers of the meteorite. View that while ugly, yes it is on and the pilot
The next step is stripping and rough grinding on emery tape. Purely theoretically possible to forge the blade is almost perfect, there will be only sand, but it is too long. Besides removing the metal layer on the sides adds an original drawing damask.
Although in the smithy, and there is no chief engineer, but health is given due attention. Still, it is one and his work, and blacksmithing is to light one of the most harmful.
So, with jokes and facetious remarks, that he was born almost a new knife. We have not looked at the brewing process damask, and do not see the process of hardening, but there's better not to disturb the Master.
Here is briefly what we saw: Bar damask, quarters, plate, billet, forge a blade, the blade after the initial rough stripping blade and prepared for quenching and grinding.
As Ilya says, half-finished product to the customer is better not to show and give a ready knife. In some ways I agree with him
But even without hardening it can be used as a glass cutter. Hussars?
My daughter got this amulet from the hands of this blacksmith - a real nail hammered! Lisychu gift like
Our blade is still in preparation, he has yet to tempering, grinding, etching, grinding. Will certainly be a beautiful and functional grip sheath. And loving, appreciating the master. Otherwise, why?
If you want to buy a good knife, or read interesting articles about blacksmithing and damask steel, welcome to the site of Ilya Kulikov bestbulat.ru. And there are photographs of his best works, like this of this "Bukhara".
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